i love the smell of cigarette smoke What does stale tobacco mean? Two plus decades later and

New research, appearing in the journal Radiology , investigates this issue

Acetaldehyde was shown to alter cellular respiration in cultured microvascular endothelial hBMVEC cells, which mainly comprise the bloodbrain-barrier, thereby suggesting negative effects on bloodbrain-barrier integrity (121).Further, in cultured primary cortical neurons, acetaldehyde impaired mitochondrial respiration via NOX -mediated activation (122), and in brain mitochondria in vitro , acrolein inhibited mitochondrial respiration via complex I (123)

If you have a steam cleaner, use that on fabric, rubber or vinyl car mats

He reiterates that opening a window is still better than having no ventilation at all, and he says this will also yield better results than what a portable range hood can offer